11th Sunday in Ordinary Time Year A 2026

Somehow Pentecost and Corpus Christi seem to flow seamlessly into this first Sunday in the second part of Ordinary Time. The Readings give us a sense of God’s compassion for humanity.

In the 1st Reading, God’s care was demonstrated through the Israelites being set apart as the Lord’s people and for His glory. The Psalms reflect this truth. St Paul simply laid out for the Romans that the cost of God’s compassion is measured by the price He paid to redeem sinners. In the Gospel, Christ was profoundly affected by a crowd that was seemingly lost without a shepherd.

There is a transition between Israel and the Church. As the 12 tribes of Israel were set apart for God’s glory, now the 12 Apostles sent out as the natural successors of the 12 tribes. Christ laboured amongst the people. He fed them. He healed them. He cleansed the lepers. He gave sight to the poor. He drove demons from those who are possessed. The Apostles and consequently His Church share in the same mission of compassion to the world. We are to be His eyes and ears, His hands and feet.

The word missionary sounds foreign. For many the word connotes the days of old when missionaries were sent to foreign lands but those days are mostly in the past. Moreover, the notion of “venturing into foreign lands” fits more closely with the movement of colonising territories. For example, the Augustinians, Franciscans and Dominicans arrived in the New World after the Spanish conquistadors had subjugated the local population. As such the missionary waves may be seen as a by-product of the imperial expansions of Western European colonial powers.

What we may not realise is that that Christ’s compassionate outreach is actually reflected in the Concluding Rite. In English, “Go, the Mass is ended” does not capture what the Latin dismissal means. “Ite, missa est”. Literally it means, “Go, it is sent” which, as an imperative does not make sense. What is more coherent is “Go, you are sent”. In fact, the words Mass, Missal, dismissal are all related to sending. At the end of every Eucharist, we are sent and therefore, the days of some superior foreigners coming to civilise us are over. Closer to home the meaning “Ite, missa est” is related to our homes, our work places and our communities.

“Ite, missa est” makes each baptised an apostle. The mission to radiate and diffuse God’s presence in the world is not the preserve of or limited to a handful men or women. No longer is missionary a specialised calling for a few. It is the vocation of every baptised person. This is the full extent of what it means to be baptised as priest, prophet and king—the basis for the universal call to holiness.

Thus, to gather in Church is truly expression of our common priesthood to worship. We offer who we are and what we have to God. Our talents are not merely our own in the sense that God bestowed them for our self-enrichmentonly. Rather, through our blessings and endowment, the Lord intends to touchthe world. Therefore at the end of Mass, after Holy Communion, we bring Christ into the world. Our worship does not end within the walls of the Cathedral. We carry our worship out into the world.

That is not an easy task. Outside the Cathedral, the challenge is to allow Christ’s teachings to deeply influence our words and behaviour. But there is a problem. At the personal level, each one of us, from Pope to Prince to Pauper, struggle with individual weaknesses and sins. Whilst it is crucial to cooperate with God’s grace in our personal conversion, there is still a reality far bigger than our personal foibles and failures. More than our personal struggles, the reality is we are also encountering a world which is not only frightening but a world that is fearful. We suffered a devastating pandemic, right? And that was frightening. All we need is a bout of flu-like symptoms in the general population and the sale of mask will shoot up and that is the reality of a world that is truly afraid.

In our country, for the first time, a state within the Federation, has two rulers. Furthermore, we have at the federal level, a government of supposed unity and at the state level, a coming election that will soon pit the component parties of the same federal coalition that rules against each other. Crazy but that is a fact. In the USA, the Democratic Party is hell bent on demonising Trump and the Republican Party is set on canonising him. What we are left with, both locally and internationally, is a deep sense of bewilderment and with anything that is uncertain, we are terrified. It is not helped that the world is on the brink because Iran, Israel and US are not able to come to a negotiation table. In Ukraine, Putin and Zelensky are obsessed with mutual destruction. With uncertainty, the result is life has become more expensive especially for the poor. While we cannot escape from or avoid vested interest, whatever the situation may be, the world is hurting. Maybe insecurity can explains why we spend excessively and overeat. We are unable to process the fear that is deep within us.

We have a mission at hand to show that God has not abandoned us and that He is still with us through our compassion. Jesus was moved with pity, for the crowd was like sheep without their shepherd. We share that same mission of Christ who showed compassion and while our effort may not be world-changing, still our family and home, our colleagues and workplace, our Cathedral and our city may just need that personal touch from us to make this place, a bit better, a bit hopeful and a bit more confident in God’s enduring love for us. “Keep calm and carry on” may sound cheesy but it is definitely most helpful. We soldier on through our prayers, through Mass attendances, through Confessions, through our charity. We do all we can within our power. We dare to stay calm for God is never far away.

Corpus Christi Year A 2026

If Trinity Sunday is my least favourite Sunday, then Corpus Christi is my favourite solemnity. Just like the Church’s teaching on God the Holy Spirit, this feast also took time to develop. In John 6, Jesus told the crowd that eternal life is premised on eating His Body and drinking His Blood. What does that mean? In fact, the entire crowd’s response except for the 12 was a total rejection of Christ’s invitation. It is not surprising because it sounded like cannibalism. The institution of the Solemnity of Corpus Christi shows us how the Church’s understanding slowly deepened over time.

Firstly, to put into context, the principal feast that highlights the Body and Blood of Christ should be Holy Thursday. But Maundy Thursday is reverently sombre, placed, as it were, just at the time when Christ will enter into His Passion. There is not much time to ponder on the meaning of the Body and Blood of Christ. Instead, the focus of Holy or Maundy Thursday is on the gravity of Christ’s Passion and His desire to establish a priesthood of service.

Secondly, Corpus Christi is livelier, two months exactly removed from Maundy Thursday (that is, if we mark it on a Thursday rather than on a Sunday). We give thanks to God for the wonderful gift that is brought about by the total and complete change of the substance of bread and wine into the substance of the Body and Blood of Christ. We are not handling a mere symbol but acknowledging the true Presence of Christ with us. The Eucharist is truly Emmanuel. The Eucharist is God with us.

In a small town of Lanciano, Italy, a Basilian priest who had doubts about the Eucharist, witnessed with his own eyes, at the words of consecration, the transformation of the bread and wine into flesh and blood. It took place in the 8th century making it the oldest evidence of a Eucharistic miracle. Lanciano is by no means the only expression of the Church’s belief in the Eucharistic presence that is validated by a miracle. There are many and Carlos Acutis, Saint Carlos now, documented them for the benefit of our electronic age.

But without any of these miracles, according to Catholic teachings, Real Presence is literal in which Christ is wholly present—His Body and Blood, His Soul and Divinity under the appearances of bread and wine. While many Protestants struggle with the apparent unscriptural belief held by Catholics, the Bible is not silent. Jesus claimed to be the living bread which came down from heaven and that anyone who eats of this bread will live forever; and the bread which Jesus gives for the life of the world is His flesh. St Paul affirmed that the wine we drink and the bread we eat is a participation in the Blood and Body of Christ. The Docetists who denied the reality of Christ’s Body were refuted by St Ignatius of Antioch who asserted that “bread is the Flesh of Christ and the cup His Blood”. Early Church Fathers from Ignatius until Augustine, all declared that the bread and wine are the Body and Blood of Jesus Himself.

In not so many words Vatican II’s document on the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, that is, Lumen gentium describes the Eucharist as the source and summit of Christian life. The Decree on the ministry and life of the priest, also reinforced this idea by further adding that the Eucharist, apart from containing the entire spiritual good of the Church, is the source and summit of all evangelisation.

As the apex, it is the only noble or appropriate food that can accompany us on our pilgrimage and if we take Jesus seriously, it is the key to heaven. “If you desire eternal life, eat my flesh and drink my blood”. Given its lofty state, would it not be logical that the forces of hell should be arrayed against it?

The goal of hell is not to make us forget heaven. Satan’s goal is not even to convince us that there is no hell and as a consequence, there is no heaven. Rather, it is more effective, given that human nature is sacramental, to make us relativise heaven, which is to make heaven unimportant. Let me explain.

Science is possibly the only canon of truth we know and therefore it is the standard for knowledge etc. Outside of science, we discount knowledge that cannot be proven in the laboratory. Devotion is also a form of knowledge but because of the narrow parameters imposed by science, as such devotion is disdained and it is relegated to the domain of the weak or the witless. In fact, devotion is considered the preserve of the elderly and the foolish. Following this line of thinking, the Devil is not proposing that Holy Communion is not central but that it is not as important for heaven with the suggestion that maybe it is only for the dumb and stupid. Our adoration for example is attended by the devotional crowd, the seemingly insignificant ones. The sophisticated and the intellectual do not need this. They are secure in their scientific knowledge. The cultic is scorned as too enclosed and ritualistic.

How do we combat Satan? What I am going to say will come across like devotional dribble and maybe intended as fodder for the dumb.

I am not instructing you nor commanding you on how you MUST receive Holy Communion. What I am begging you is to WATCH or be AWARE of how you are receiving Him. Therefore, it is not a question of tongue or hand. The host is NOT a piece of bread SYMBOLISING Jesus. The Host IS Jesus under the appearance of bread. The exhortation to be aware is not because we are promoting devotion but rather in obedience to Christ with regard to the reality of eternal life. He has given us the only food that can accompany us on the pilgrimage to heaven. Given that Satan intends to lead astray, it means we have a battle on our hands. Satan succeeds when we do not know Whom we are receiving.

The point of heightening awareness is to avoid a performative contradiction. Much of life is like that. We profess one thing but we behave otherwise. We instinctively recognise the need for coherence and for integrity. So in the Eucharist, we profess to receive Jesus under the appearance of bread but we behave as if it is no more than just a piece of bread. What can happen for many of us is the manner we receive may send the message that the Host is a very special bread, a highly revered symbol but nevertheless still a symbol. But as Flannery O’Connor said, “Well, if it were a symbol, to hell with it”. The statement sounds rather rude but she was defending the literal meaning of the True Presence of Jesus. In the case of the Eucharist, martyrs die for Jesus. They did not sacrifice their lives for a symbol of Jesus. For Satan not to win the war, grow in a deeper awareness of Whom you are receiving so that your lives may reflect Whom you believe in.

Trinity Sunday Year A 2026

I am envious; jealous of my Jesuit brothers who do not run parishes and hence they do not have to celebrate public Masses most especially for today. This is my most disliked Sunday of the year because we are celebrating a truth and reality which has become, for all intents and purposes, irrelevant to ordinary Catholics or Christians. We might as well be worshipping three Gods or a God who wears different masks. On top of irrelevance what is worst is that we still have to “defend” the Blessed Trinity.

Christianity stands with both Judaism and Islam within the stream of monotheism in the belief of One God and yet Christianity stands apart from these two other great monotheistic traditions. The Trinity is central to Christianity’s monotheism because it defines who God is, explains how salvation works as well as reveals God’s eternal nature of love.

Why are there three persons in One God? How can one account for this anomaly? There are no explicit mentions of this reality in Sacred Scripture, let alone the very word “Trinitas”. Nothing of these three distinct persons, equal in divinity can be traced to the Bible. However, within Sacred Scripture, what we have are the traces of the Trinity.

Think about the creation scene, for example. In the beginning the Spirit was roaming the waters. In the New Testament, the Father’s Word was incarnate of the Holy Spirit which we recite this each Sunday at the Creed. When Paul wished the Corinthians, he used a deeply Trinitarian formulation: “The grace of Our Lord Jesus Christ, the love of God (the Father) and the communion of the Holy Spirit”. At the Ascension, the Great Commission is nothing more than a command to baptise in the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit.

This last New Testament quotation is most instruction. Jesus did not send the Apostles to go baptise in the “Names” of the Trinitarian persons but in the One name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. While the Church received this fundamental expression of faith and has faithfully passed it on, however, it took a while for the articulation to be understood in the manner in which God chose to reveal Himself to us.

We cannot control how God reveals Himself. We can only receive His self-revelation and we make the most of understanding what we have received. In choosing to reveal Himself, the example of the Incarnation shows us that God is love. In His great love for an unmerited humankind, He decided to save us. That God is love is a revelation of His nature. Love, as it should be, is never “selfish”. Instead, love reaches out to the other. It is relational. In the act of loving, God invites us into His inner life to see that essentially, He is one but subsistently, He is three in relationships.

By nature, God is one. Essentially, this makes Christianity a monotheistic religion. While God is essentially one, He is also three in Persons and this reality is what drives another religion crazy. How we get to one God being three in Persons is the result of God’s internal organisation. Within this arrangement, there are two processions and four relations. But there can only be three persons.

Let us unpack this two processions and four relations.

The two processions are generation and spiration. To understand generation, we can use the process of thinking. When a person thinks, he generates a thought. Both the thinker and the thought are the same being. Here we appreciate how inthe process of thinking there is only one being but two distinct realities, the thinker and the thought. With this analogy, we can understand how Father eternally generates the Word. And the Son is eternally generated by the Father. Here already in this generation, we have two relations and two persons. The Father begets the Son and the Son is begotten from the Father.

To understand spiration, the same can be said but with a difference. Both the two realities or distinct persons of the Father and the Son together breathe. Their breath is the Holy Spirit. As the Father and Son breathe the Spirit, the Spirit is the breath of both the Father and Son. Here in this spiration, there are also two relations but only one distinct person meaning that both the Father and Son are not a new reality, a composite of the Father and the Son. Instead when both Father and Son breathe, the Spirit is the breath of the Father and the Son. He is the Love between the Father and the Son. Hence the Spirit is a Person.

In these four relations, eternally the Father begets the Son, the Son is begotten of the Father eternally, eternally the Father and Son breathe the Holy Spirit, the Holy Spirit is the breath of the Father and the Son eternally, we can only have three persons.

The Trinity is love and it a love that reaches out to the whole of creation. Out of love, God created the world and humanity. Out of love God desires to save mankind despite man’s rejection of the original covenant between the Creator and creature.

Sin ruptured man and nature’s aboriginal bond with the Creator and thus, Christ came to bring us back into the Father’s loving fold. In coming to us, in making Himself at home with us, He revealed the inner life of the God we believe in and invited us to a share of that life. We may not know the Trinity well. But the more we pray, the more we will get to know Him. As such our liturgies and prayers are heavily imbued with the Trinitarian dynamics where we are brought to the Father, through Christ and in the power of the Holy Spirit.

In 2021, Feb 17, a change was introduced into our liturgy. The Collect’s concluding doxology was changed from “in the unity of the Holy Spirit, one God, forever and ever” to “in the unity of the Holy Spirit, God, forever and ever”. Why? In the Latin version of the conclusion, there is no mention of “one” and the word “Deus” refers to Christ. If you read the Collect, it is directed to the Father and it concludes with a reference to Jesus Christ. The end of the Collect used to read like this. “Through our Lord Jesus Christ, your Son, who lives and reigns with you in the unity of the Holy Spirit, one God, forever and ever”. We might think that the words “one God” refer to the Blessed Trinity but they do not. The word “God” is a reference to Jesus Christ and the translation which inserted the word “one”, suggests that Jesus is one God and hence the Trinity is “three gods”. The principle we follow is "Lex orandi lex, credendi". How the Church prays is what the Church believes in. The conclusion of the Collect might sound clearer in making a reference to Jesus Christ when it is reworded like. “Through our Lord Jesus Christ, your Son, who lives and reigns with you in the unity of the Holy Spirit, for He is God, forever and ever”. The correction after nearly 50 years of usage shows us how important the Trinity is in our lives. We worship One God but a Trinity of Persons. Father, Son and Holy Spirit.

Pentecost Year A 2026

There are two descents of the Holy Spirit. The 1st Reading is why we celebratePentecost today. But the Gospel also records an earlier out-pouring which took place on the morning of the 3rd Day when He appeared amongst them. In their midst, He breathed His Spirit on them giving them the power to forgive sins.

For historical buffs, these two out-pourings beg the question of which timeline is more accurate historically? For us spiritually and theologically, it is more important to note that Christ imparts His Spirit at a time when it is most appropriate.

In the Upper Room, bruised by what had happened, the cowed and confused Disciples gathered. Imagine a Peter who must have been weighed down by the burden of betrayal. Judas took the easier path—he killed himself whereas Peter remained paralysed by his guilt and fear. Christ came into their midst and instead of berating them for their failure, He imparted His peace and breathed on them His Spirit. He transmitted to them the power to forgive and reconcile. Now at Pentecost, the same mission of reconciliation was renewed and made universal.

The Church was born to proclaim forgiveness and to bring reconciliation to allcreation. What was evident at the Church’s inception was a reversal of Babel. The Tower is a metaphor for human pride and arrogance. Man’s pride, in trying to be like God, without God, resulted in the division which has racked humanity ever since. The ultimate truth of Babel showed us that without God, Man’s ambition for heaven will always be doomed to fail.

In the Acts of the Apostles, as the window was thrown open, the Spirit began the work of reconciliation as each person who gathered to hear Peter speak, heard the Kerygma in his or her own language. Through the Holy Spirit, confusion gives way to communion. Christ poured the Holy Spirit upon creation to heal the wound caused by disunity.

In our present experience, given how groups or factions in Church are pulled apart by claims or counter-claims of being backed by the Spirit, how do we navigate the different inspirations? In the context of Christ’s salvific mission, it is good to remind ourselves that the Holy Spirit is less a spirit of licence or spontaneity and more a spirit of consistency and self-restraint. We tend to associate the wind blowing where it wills as the licence to do what we want. When in actual reality, the Holy Spirit, the Spirit of Truth guides us to align ourselves with a conscience which is informed by the consistency of beauty and goodness. As the sequence goes. “If thou take thy grace away, nothing pure in man will stay; all his good is turned to ill’. To be free, we are led by the Spirit to “bend the stubborn heart and will; melt the frozen, warm the chill and guide the steps that go astray”.

We are invited to be humbly led by the Spirit to be Christ’s presence in the world and to present the teaching of Jesus to the world in a consistent manner. As the active agent in our living Tradition, the Holy Spirit is the guarantee that the Gospel handed on by the Apostles is not altered but is deeply understood and accepted throughout history. What was new at Pentecost was that languages, rather than divide as at Babel, has now united all who heard it in the same appreciation of the Gospel message. Instead of drawing attention to themselves and to building self-monuments, the message about God who savedus, led all to the praise and worship of God. Babel symbolised self-worship whereas Pentecost expressed the deepest human desire to worship God.

And yet, the world was not unanimous in accepting the Gospel. There is a world that is resistant to the Good News of Salvation. But hold on a minute. Was it not the case at the beginning too? When the Disciples met Jesus at the appointed mountain, some knelt and worshipped Him. Some hesitated. The Acts recorded 3000 conversions and baptisms but we also heard that there were some who resisted the Good News. They laughed and remarked upon hearing Peter and the Apostles, “They had too much wine to drink”.

The message of Christ even though beautiful and true is not always readily acceptable. Paul struggled with the Athenians who felt that their philosophy was superior to the message of a humble carpenter. Even though Pentecost reverse the confusion of Babel, we are in fact living in an era of new Babel. That is, we may be speaking the same language but still the understanding can be diversely different. A good example is our understanding of freedom. To appreciate what freedom is, we look at its etymology. In English “freedom” can be translated from the Latin words for “libertas” or “licentia”. Libertas or liberty is an ordered and lawful freedom. Whereas licentia or licence borders on licentiousness and lawlessness. True freedom, promised by the Holy Spirit, is never a licence to do whatever we want. For some, the word freedom closely resembles licentiousness. But there is a profound chasm between liberty and licence. While both are words related to the notion of freedom, liberty raises our freedom to excellence and nobility.

With this in mind, how do we bridge two opposing views of freedom? How do we bridge the gap between in a way that celebrates excellence as an expression of freedom but not condemn licentiousness as a caricature of freedom. Within a mindset that feels one is always right, to be told that one is wrong is not easy to accept and in many cases defensiveness becomes the only position one has in terms of self-protection. The test of true freedom or libertas is in the fruits we offer to God and on the way there, there is always purification. To be free there is always a letting go of what traps and spiritual freedom which is authentic should manifests itself in the "fruits of the Spirit" (Galatians 5:22): love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, generosity, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control.

As the Spirit descended on the Apostles and the flame consumed them, we should ask the Spirit to burn away our sins, our bondages and to purify us and give us the courage to cooperate in the work of grace and redemption. If burnt sacrifices symbolise an offering to God, then the Spirit consuming us in His redeeming fire represents our entire offering to God so that our minds and our wills can cooperate to bring about the renewal of the world. On our own, we cannot go far. To baptise all nations and to teach them the commandments of Jesus, we need the mighty power of the Holy Spirit. Let us pray. Come Holy Spirit come, fill the hearts of Thy faithful and enkindle in them the fire of Thy love. Pour forth Thy Spirit and they shall be created and Thou shall renew the face of the earth.

7th Sunday of Easter Year A 2026

In some parts of the world, this weekend is basically Ascension. And yet it is also designated as the 60th World Communication Sunday. Thankfully, it is not an issue for us because we marked Ascension on Thursday which leaves us free to think about communication and how to foster it.

The Readings lend themselves to the theme for World Communication Sunday. The 1st Reading described the post-Ascension scenario in the Cenacle. The Apostles prayed while waiting for the fulfilment of Christ’s promise of the Spirit. The Gospel also took place in the same Upper Room but this was before Calvary, and Jesus was praying for those whom He had to leave behind. He prayed for His follower to be united based on the unity between the Father and the Son.

Unity is the goal of communication or put in another way, to communicate is to aim for a union of minds and hearts. How do we achieve this unity? The theme for this year’s World Communication Sunday is “Preserving Human Voices and Faces”. The backdrop to this theme is the inevitable encroachment of Artificial Intelligence in our interactions. The Church’s position is that the progress made in AI should aim to promote human dignity or preserve it rather than itreplacing genuine human interaction or worse still utilise it to fabricate reality.

All we need is to scroll through YouTube. How often have you come across a short movie or some snippets of talent shows and after watching it for a while, you realise that the movie or snippet is no more than click bait and the story is nothing more than an AI-generated production. What the President, the Prime Minister or the Pope purportedly said depends on the political persuasion of the content creators because AI can generate videos and speeches which support their positions. There is a possibility that elections can be won with the assistance of AI. Papers or theses are already written by AI. Everything now is AI-aided. Even the Jesus we worship can be AI-moulded. Depending on which side of the aisle one sits or stands, Jesus can be shaped to fit into that narrative.

All the more the prayer of Jesus is important.

He prayed for our unity to reflect the unity between Him and His Father. That unity is cemented by truth. And here is where AI must show its true colour by serving this purpose of upholding truth and protecting human dignity which means that augmented communication must always preserve genuine human faces and authentic voices

The first goal of communication is to reflect truth. But we know how often when we communicate, what we think to be the truth can simply be gossip or slander or an outright lie. How often have we presented the so-called truth from the perspective of making ourselves look good and those who are our enemies,look bad? And even if we do not intend to bolster ourselves, how often have we painted another person in unsavoury light. As witnesses to Christ, what we declare to be true must be done with integrity and charity and always ensuring that our words are aligned with our actions.

The second goal of communication as mentioned earlier is to forge unity. Families, communities or societies can be divided because people want different things and have different goals. More so when we emphasise individual autonomy and the freedom to choose. But buried within us is also an innate desire for union as exemplified by the attempt to build the Tower of Babel. However, that attempt to unify sprang from pride. In a way, one can say that Babel represented human pride endeavouring to stand on par with God. It was as if man could offer unity as a gift to God.

Notice that during the era of communism, the same desired for unity was forged by the imposition of a certain truths. However, truth does not impose itself. Rather it is a proposition in which people are, by virtue of their reasoning power, able to come to an understanding and acceptance of what it is. The bonum or the good of unity, be it of a family, society, community and a country, can foster prosperity and development. However, that goal cannot be purchase with the currency of coercion. The good we intend must always respect the freedom of those who are served.

Babel is a symbol of the temptation towards megalomania—the dream of dictators or fascists or socialists who believe that they are owners of truth who have been granted the divine right to impose their particular vision of reality on others.

In a way, the 2nd Reading makes sense. To bear the truth that unites will entail suffering because we are but servants and not the lords, let alone, the owners of truth. We can only serve Him which when translated it usually means having to suffer because we are on the right side of what is true, good or beautiful. It is not easy as the temptation is always to believe that one has truth on one’s side rather than seek in humility to know if one has been on side of truth.

As such World Communication Sunday is a modern response. Given that our capacity for communication has progressed by leaps and bounds, with greater speed and outreach, we are challenged to use the different media to promote the Gospel message. Sometimes it is not easy to make out which the voice of the Gospel is. The cacophony of competing certainties highlights that both to communicate and to remain silent are part and parcel of the effort to allowChrist’s message come to the fore. Given that the landscape for proclamation is noisier today because of jostling media and a shorter attention span, silence is also necessary so that the message of Christ can be heard. The advancement of artificial intelligence has rendered the ability to sift through what is true or notso much more fraught. The moral dilemma we face as a civilisation highly dependent on artificial intelligence is how we can preserve genuine human encounters free from the abuse or misuse of algorithms and the possibilities of deepfakes.

Finally, when God created Man, He made us in His image and likeness. Despite the fall, all throughout salvation history, God has kept His communication channel open. And in the last days, God has spoken and revealed Himselfthrough His Son. The primary task of communication for the Church is to manifest both the face and the voice of Christ. Our desire for authentic communication will inevitably bring us back to Jesus Christ for without a personal encounter with Him or an experience of His voice, we will be, at best, a sounding brass or a clanging cymbal that distorts His message. Without Jesus, we will struggle to preserve the human face and protect the human voice. In the end, truth is never what we possess but He whom we serve which means to communicate carries with it the possibility of suffering on account of His name and His truth. If you are on His side, He will give you the courage.

Ascension Thursday Year A 2026

Whenever we snap a photo, we want it to be picture-perfect. Today is Ascension Thursday and the most perfect of all pictorial representations would be to see an unfinished portrait. What do I mean? Some artists have drawn, painted or visualised the Ascension with feet. Yes, the disciples are all looking up and at the upper edge of the picture, painting or sculpture we can only see the dangling feet of Jesus as He ascends into heaven. It portrays the Disciples almost like catching the last bit of Jesus as He disappears from their sight.

That is the fitting depiction of what the Ascension is about. Jesus, unlike His Blessed Mother, with His own power, ascended into heaven. The feet are a powerful reminder of who He is and the future that we will have. In Christ, we have a person who is fully human, who at the same time, is fully divine, who has ascended and is seated at the right hand of God the Father in heaven to intercede for us.

Where He goes, we hope to follow.

The human and divine natures of Christ are our template. Each one of us has a celestial destiny and yet here we are in this world where the work of salvation continues. For as long as the world endures and humanity exists, redemption is ongoing and there is work to be done.

Matthew 28 provides us with the final instruction given by Jesus. The Great Commission enjoined upon the Apostles and the Church to, “Go and baptise all the nations in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit”. The promise that accompanies this sending is to know that through the Holy Spirit, He will be with us till the end of time.

However, the action “to baptise” is graphic or explicit and reminiscent of a watery grave or ritual. Either via immersion or pouring, one is initiated into a community of believers. Given that this is a sacramental act, it can be rather threateningly forbidding or exclusive especially in the context of diversity. The dogma of “pluralism” is currently ascendant especially in a multi-cultural context. In fact, plurality is accepted or even celebrated to the point that differences in doctrines are smoothed over in favour of ethics. The truths of doctrines, which are what we believe in, are not easy topics for dialogues or conversations but all are agreed that every religion teaches its adherents to be good and to do good. For example, Buddhism seeks enlightenment through the extirpation of desires. Therefore the goal of Nirvana is nothingness. Whereas Christianity seeks salvation because of the reality of sin and separation from God. Hence heaven is not nothing for Christians. Instead heaven is our completereconciliation with God.

These two examples tell us that even though all religions teach goodness, they do not share the same goals. Like it or not, religion ultimately cannot be reduced to ethics. This is where we might relook at the Great Commission and how to be faithful to Christ’s command. If we reword it perhaps it can allow us to work around the difficulties associated with rituals and religious doctrines. If we say, “Go and make all creation more and more like Christ”, it still sounds Christian. Perhaps “Go and make all creation more god-like, more divine”. That might sound a lot more ethical than religious.

It might make cross-religious encounter less threatening and more approachable. Speaking of the divinisation of creation or humanity makes it easier for us to reach out to others. Talk less about religion and more about what we can accomplish or achieve as a whole. Still that is not our goal. The Great Commission aims to bring creation into the knowledge of who God is and what His desires are for humanity. The Church has a sworn duty, ultimately, in obedience to Christ, to bring all creation into or incorporate humanity into the Body of Christ. Translated, it means that we must bear in mind that the Sacrament of Baptism, according to the teaching of the Church, is the ordinary means through which one is brought into the fold.

How do we propose this to the world? The challenge for us is not to look at other religions from the perspective of what is lacking or what is imperfect in them. Rather, it is to propose to humanity what is better in the proposals of Christ. Informing people that their life’s choices are no good does them no good. Rather, people are more willing to give up something good for something which is better. Is that not the marketing strategy of so many of our health products?

Finally, the feet sticking out of a ceiling is really quite literal. The Ascension marks a closing and a beginning. Christ’s earthly ministry has drawn to a close while His heavenly ministry is taking off. The authority given to the Disciples as He commissions them, signals that His heavenly ministry will continue with His presence in a Church that is empowered by His Spirit. Christianity is not meant to be a parochial religion. It has a universal mission to bring the world into the Body of Christ.

Right now, we are in a conundrum because we have walked ourselves into the corner of ethical collaboration. We need to move from ethics to being. We should stop peddling the narrative that Asia is other religions. Going against this statement is not denigrating the other great traditions of Asia. Christianity IS Asian. Look at the Philippines. Look a Timor Leste. Look at Korea. Slowly but surely, only if we believe that Christ gave us a commission to universalise His teaching and way of life. The Ascension should give us more confidence and perhaps we should have faith in ourselves first and be confident in what we believe in before we can tell the world that Jesus is the Lord of all creation and Saviour of all humanity.

6th Sunday of Easter Year A 2026

We are closing in on the Ascension. Last week’s conversation took place aroundthe Last Supper. As the Lord prepared for the Passion, He centred His exhortation on the after-life and also on the path that leads to the fullness of life with God. In making sure that the Disciples know of the place pledged to them and in giving the roadmap there, Jesus promised them a Helper who will be on hand to guide them.

He has kept His promise and we read that in Philip the Evangelist’s experience in Samaria. That man, not St Philip the Apostle, was amongst the first few deacons. Subsequently, the community was scattered by persecution and despite the believers being displaced, he managed to convert the local population in Samaria. That occasioned an apostolic visit by Peter and John. Like Bishops at Confirmation, they prayed over those baptised and confirmed them with the gift of the Holy Spirit.

The season of the Spirit is upon us. In preparing for the Spirit’s descent, Christ will withdraw and later this Thursday, we shall celebrate His Ascension. The role of the coming Spirit is to accompany us. Christ had already done so by being with us until His death and even after the Resurrection. Just before the Ascension, He promised another Advocate to speak for Him and to continue His mission.

As such we are already living in the “end times”. The words themselves are evocative. They suggest that the world is coming to an end soon. But that is not the meaning of the words “end times”. Rather, ever since AD33, presumably, the year when Christ was crucified, died and rose again, we have officially entered into and still are in the end times. In other words, we have been living in the “end times” for the last 2000 years.

It is in this context that the post-Resurrection Christ made a promise to send the Spirit. But what need do we have for the Spirit? The end times is characterised by the “already” and “not yet”. We are still on the way to final consummation when Christ returns again. In this journey, we need to keep in mind the four realities which we must face and they are death, judgement, heaven and hell. We need the Spirit to guide us because Christ desires that we keep His commandments and He gives the Spirit to guide our path to heaven rather than to hell.

Our pilgrimage to heaven means that we still have to work out our salvation in the world and not in a vacuum. There is no doubt that evil exists in the world. This sounds like a statement which places evil out there, when in reality, evil runs through our hearts. Take a look around us. We all sin in many different ways. There is corruption. Scamming is on the rise. There are wars and we seem to be tethering on the edge of further destruction. What we encounter every day is that the good we desire is not always a matter of effort. That is, it is not a case where one puts in a bit more resolve and then things will be alright. St Paul describes this conundrum as “the good that I should do, I find myself not doing it and the evil I should avoid, I find myself committing it”.

Despite our struggles where evil exists, there are two things we can be sure of.

Firstly, evil, whilst ubiquitous is not triumphant. Christ is. He is victorious but the nature of the end times is that our journey in life must take us through the valley of the tears. The second thing we can be sure of is that Christ’s victory gives us hope. St Peter wrote this: “Reverence the Lord Christ in your hearts and always have your answer ready for people who ask you the reason for the hope that you all have. But give it with courtesy and respect and with a clear conscience, so that those who slander you when you are living a good life in Christ may be proved wrong in the accusations that they bring. And if it is the will of God that you should suffer, it is better to suffer for doing right than for doing wrong”.

Remember the year 1999? When we were approaching the turn of the millennium, we were technologically nervous for fear that 00 will not be interpreted by computers as 2000 but instead we may be set us back to 1900. On top of that, religious dread interpreted the turn of the century under the light of the Last Judgement whereby all disasters were considered to be portents of the final apocalypse. Many of our movies reflected the fear focussing on the same trope of a dystopian future marked by the undead or the collapse of civilisation.

The turn of the Millennium did feel like the world was coming to the end but the Church was unafraid because we have with the promise of the Holy Spirit. John Paul II told the Church to “put out into the deep” or in Latin, “duc in altum…”. Do not be afraid for out in the deep, the Lord is there. Sadly, when we think of evil and how children have to face them, we can be gripped by a certain paralysis. There are couples who do not want to bring children into such a world. The point to remember is this: we cannot shield our children or our loved one from the evil of the world. They will be touched by it or even sorely tested by it. Yet what is certain is that Christ has triumphed. He is victorious. In that way, St Paul is a model for the firmness of faith.

What more with the gift of the Holy Spirit?

Those who went for the pilgrimage especially when destructive drones were flying around were witnesses not only to the power of prayer but also the ultimate truth of our faith. It was not that we were gung-ho and unafraid of death. Rather, we acknowledge that Christ has defeated death. Thus, if we lived through the bombings in it would be because God has a purpose for our lives in this present world. And if we had perished, sadly due to the conflict, then the moment of our salvation had arrived. I dare to say this because the Holy Spirit gave us the strength to trust that everything we were and had, was always in God’s hands.

We dare to stand tall, hold our heads up and even when all around seemed defeated for we know that ultimately Christ will be victorious. He guarantees that through the Holy Spirit that will descend at Pentecost. We can become the warriors that the Sacrament of Confirmation is meant for… to make us walk confidently and to face the world without fear that we will be destroyed.

5th Sunday of Easter Year A 2026

I cannot imagine driving around without Waze or for others Google map. We have become that dependent on GPS navigation to guide our way. This dependence might help us to appreciate the Gospel theme today.

From the readings, we hear how the community of believers was shaping up. There appeared to be a process of specialisation as more were added to their number. The Apostles were now to focus more on the spiritual welfare of the newly baptised. A class of servants, the “diakonoi”, now formed the beginning of the ministry of service (diakonia) to the community. They are our deacons today.

The separation of duties did not and does not diminish in anyway the vocation of ALL believers. Everyone has been called to participate in the priesthood of Christ. Not the ministerial or cultic priesthood but the priesthood in which each member offers to God, from where they are, with all they have for the glory of God and the service of the people.

According to the Principle and Foundation of the Spiritual Exercises of St Ignatius, humanity is created to praise, revere and serve God. Perhaps one can understand the vice of “selfishness” from this perspective. Everything we have is a gift from God. So to speak, every talent we have is on loan to us by God. Thus the offering of ourselves, in whatever capacity we have, to God is right and just. This is the spiritual sacrifice of the common priesthood which is to consecrate the world to God and to participate in Christ’s mission on earth.

In the Gospel we see these sacrifices from the perspective of Christ and who He is as we are brought back to a time before the Passion. He was talking to them to prepare them for His Calvary that they would soon experience. In order to assure them that His eventual loss of life would not be a defeat, the exchange between Jesus and Philip and Thomas, gave us two certainties.

Firstly Jesus promised them a future after the Resurrection. If there were doubts about life after death, this conversation provide powerful proof there that is an after-life. Otherwise, why would Jesus speak of going to prepare a place for the disciples to follow. Furthermore that going away presumes that one needs to die. Under the glorious glow of Easter, we are assured that death will no longer be the final chapter. It will not be the end of the story and it will certainly not be a closed door.

Under the triumph of the Cross, we dare and should in fact speak of (a) life after life because the victorious and risen Lord has tamed death and transformed it from a trap to a doorway that leads into the other life. The Canticle of the Sun composed by St Francis of Assisi has a stanza which reflects the attenuation or the weakening of death rendering it less frightening and affectionally more friendly. “Be praised through Brother Death of Flesh, from whom no living man can flee”. Death is no longer a chokehold but the welcome embrace of a friend who has been waiting to journey with us to the next life.

However there is a difference between life before the curtain of death and life after. The stanza continues “Woe to those that he finds in sin but those in grace he sets free”. This is a maxim which many may have heard before. "I shall pass this way but once; any good, therefore, that I can do or any kindness that I can show to any human being, let me do it now”. Note a sense of urgency here. We are alerted and notified not to be complacent because the crossing once made is irreversible. Once we have passed the curtain, there is no returning.

As such Thomas’ query provides the second certainty found in the Gospel. Thomas wanted to know how he or anyone else could enter into the resurrection to which Jesus replied. “I am the Way, the Truth and the Life”. There are two side to this certainty. From the perspective of evangelisation, it is for us to proclaim Jesus. We need to tell the world that He is the Way and not just a way amongst many other ways. He is the Truth and not just a truth amongst many other truths. He is the Life and not just a life amongst many others lives. Such a proclamation can be structured and methodical. In fact, it is easier to announce to the world that Jesus is the way which can make it feel less threatening personally. What do I mean? Wear a Sacred Heart tee-shirt, hang a cross or a rosary in the car or tattoo a Jesus on the Cross on your chest etc.

There are many ways to express our faith but these can also be less personal in the sense that we can follow a programme without personal investment. We tell others about Him and if more embrace Him, we would consider that our efforts have borne fruits. For example, increased in baptism, more confirmation of those who have not been confirmed or greater attendance of the Landings programme etc.

What is more difficult to be and to do is to personally follow Jesus as the Way, to speak Jesus as the Truth and to live Jesus as the Life. That requires working on ourselves, which involves a lot of effort. Everyone knows that self-reflexion is already difficult to do let alone self-change. Often enough in our spiritual life, we take one step forward and we fall back two. To change our personal behaviour to conform to Christ is much harder than wearing a tee-shirt or tattooing His Cross on our forearm.

In a way, Protestants may have got it right when they ask us if one has accepted Jesus as the personal Saviour. Social religion, in which people practise their faith because everyone else does so can be empty. One goes to Church as expected. When a child is born, he or she is baptised because it is customary to do so. Marriage must be officiated in the Church because of parents’ wish etc. Personal profession is different because it requires my conscious investment of time and space.

Time to pray and time to let God into our lives. It is hard to live Jesus as the Way and the Truth because the path is long and arduous. It requires sacrifice etc. St Therese of Lisieux who never left the Carmelite monastery conceived of a life where Jesus became the centre of everything she did. It was not easy for her. But she showed that it is possible.

In conclusion, Jesus is the Way, the Truth and the Life but more than merely proclaiming Him for others to accept etc, we will be more convincing if we follow His path letting His Truth guide us to the life we are supposed to have which is to be with God the Father. Perhaps it is time to go beyond Waze or Google Map. Let us take the whole Way of Jesus.

4th Sunday of Easter Year A 2026. Vocation Sunday

Christ chooses to be with us and He does that through the gift of the Eucharist. At least that was the message of last Sunday’s Gospel. He inserted Himself into the despair of the Disciples who were fleeing from what they thought was the failure of Jesus’ political programme.

The means to ensure His Presence is the Eucharist. And the human instrument to make present the Eucharist is the priesthood. Today it is a good time to speak about being called to the sacrament of Holy Orders.

The word order suggests hierarchy, rank, arrangements etc. In terms of arrangements, both the Responsorial Psalm and the Gospel outline the pastoral pattern of what it is to be a priest. God is the Good Shepherd and Jesus calls Himself the Gate of the sheepfold. He is the one who watches over the flock and is prepared to lay down His life for the sheep. Pope Francis echoed this when he said that the shepherds must smell like their sheep.

There have been reports of the increase in the number of baptisms this year at Easter. But the statistics of priestly vocation show stagnation or in some places, the number seems to be dwindling. How shall we approach this sacramental crisis?

There is an inseparable link between the priesthood and the Eucharist. One is unable to exist without the other. In celebrating the Eucharist, the priest is ordained to act “in persona Christi”. The Eucharist, as the source and summit of Christian life, is the purpose of a priest’s ministry. Given by Christ to His Church, the priesthood is for the purpose of confecting the Eucharist to provide the faithful with the means of salvation brought about by Christ.

Very central to the salvation of humanity is the Eucharist that Christ offered us before He returned to the Father. That means He intended the Mass as a way for us to be present at the sacrifice of Calvary. Each one can take part in Christ’s sacrifice and gain inexhaustible fruits from that. For centuries, we have lived this faith.

The crisis caused by scandals notwithstanding, we need to address the issue of the shortage of priests in the local Church. Time flies and passes us by quickly and often without our realising it, we wake up and suddenly we are already in our 60s with the shadow of our past years stretching behind and the prospect of a future that is rather dim. The median age of priests falls in the territory of heart problems or diabetes or any of the debilitating diseases.

Still, the parishes need to be staffed. The solutions of the Anglican communion, of married priesthood or a female clergy have not in any way worked. Their numbers continue to drop. We have increased lay participation as a solution butstill it remains that our theology does not or cannot support the confection of the Eucharist without Holy Orders. We may want to change the theology but that is the topic of a conversation for another day.

What can be done in the meantime?

Firstly, recognise the connexion. If Christ intended the Eucharist as the ordinary means of salvation and the priesthood as the instrument that makes thatpossible, then the lack of instruments cannot be a case of the absence of calling. Christ has not stopped inviting young men to join Him in this sacrifice of praise and worship. It is we who have stopped listening and responding. The vocation crisis is symptomatic of a generation that has not responded to God—ours is an era deaf to God’s calling.

I say this with a kind of apathy. It is not that I do not care. Rather, I am way past the sell-by-date and I am increasingly irrelevant. When I am dead, it is not that I do not care. Rather I cannot care because the dead has no say in this world. And the shortage of vocation is not my problem but it is definitely your problem or the problem of the living.

Second, a vocation is not death. The idea that one sacrifices and loses everything is not true. It is a sacrifice, yes and, it makes a lot more sense for the word “sacrifice” means that we trade our life for the life of others. However, the less we believe in the Resurrection, the less appealing will the idea of sacrifice be because the priesthood is truly an oblation. One must believe that there is more to this life that makes it possible to embrace the loneliness attendant with giving up one’s autonomy.

Thirdly, the model for our economic life is basically driven by production and manufacturing. The metrics of success for us are work and wealth accumulation. Poverty is simply having nothing to shout about. It is not difficult to translate such a model into the priesthood. The same standard for the measurement of success easily seeps into the Church. With wealth inequality, our idea of justice is equitable distribution of wealth etc. Priests are drawn into this endeavour and are supposed to be at the forefront of fighting for justice. It is surely a noble enterprise. But behind this utilitarian mentality, we easily reduce a person’s worth to his or her ability to produce. So what happens when a person has finally outlived his or her usefulness?

The proliferation of homes for the aged is witness to this kind of thinking that a person is valued only when he or she can produce. Thus, our elderly priests are shunted to homes and there, like other elderly, are left to slowly fade away. The point here is that the priesthood is fundamentally a call “in persona Christi”.

Ultimately, he does not need to do anything except to celebrate Mass and make present Christ’s Body and Blood. Sadly, we value people for what they can doand not who they are. A priest is a priest by virtue of his ordination; not by virtue of what he does or can accomplish.

Finally, Christ chose 12 fallible men to shepherd His people. The first amongst them was the first to deny Him. The one trusted with money was the one who sold Him. Without a doubt Christ chose frail and flawed men to stand in His person. However, now what we demand is, as in everything in this world, from politician to priest, a candidate who is perfect. Apparently no one can fail and there is no room in the closet for any skeletons. But whatever our standard, there is no denying that Christ willed for priests to pastor His people. Thus, our job is to pray for more young men to courageously accept Holy Orders and pray for them to grow into the Heart of Christ so that like the Master who laid down His life, we will have holy priests who willingly lay down their lives for the people whom they serve.

3rd Sunday of Easter Year C 2026

History is not merely a chronicle of events that took place. It is not simply a record of happenings. Instead, history is more a record of salvation if only we look for it. Today’s Gospel is taken from Luke and it details the story of two disappointed disciples of Jesus who decided to call it quits and made the decision to abandon Jerusalem.

Jesus came up to them and invited them to relook at history from the perspective of salvation and to consider what they had gone through, not as a loss but to view it as how God has been at work. They had experienced what they thought to be the failure of the person of Jesus but in light of Sacred Scripture, Jesus pointed out that events happened because God had permitted them and what was supposedly a massive failure was not Christ’s death but His victory. With God there are no accidents.

One of the greatest place to experience God’s presence to us is through the Eucharist. Did not our hearts burn within us as he talked to us on the road and explained the Scriptures to us?

Often we can be overwhelmed by disappointments. Somehow crippled by our materialistic vision of life we are incapable of taking a long-term view of life. A proper long-term view of life must include the Resurrection. Thus the walk to Emmaus became an occasion for Christ to open their minds beyond the disappointment of the present. He not only opened their minds but He accompanied them corporeally.

Oh how nice if Jesus were to accompany us, I hear some said. Especially when we endure disasters, encounter defeats and experience disappointments in life. The fact is, He does. Today is the clearest proof of what He does best. He is with us for He is the Emmanuel. The context for His presence is the Eucharist.

To appreciate how He is present to us, we take a look at dancing. What is it that most attracts us? Not the formless kind in which hands and feet are going everywhere, right? What most fascinates us is when a dancer has coordinated movement that flows with the music. There is rhythm. The same can be said of the Eucharist. It is akin to a dance in which we are drawn into it by the rhythmic movement of the liturgy. But sadly, we generally do not make the connexion between the liturgy and Christ’s Real Presence.

In other words, we generally prefer a formless spontaneity in which what is central to our experience are the palpable emotions or maybe the intellectual coherence. If you read the Gospel passage today, you might not discern that it is actually a description of the Eucharist that we celebrate each time.

Our attention may be drawn towards the two disciples’ disappointment and the consequent movement away from Jerusalem. But if you view it from the perspective of the Eucharist, you might grasp how closely Christ is with us in our experiences most especially when we encounter disappointments.

While He was at table with them, He took bread, said the blessing, broke the bread and gave it to them broadly describes the Liturgy of the Eucharist when we celebrate Mass. The four verbs of taking, saying, breaking and giving correspond to the offertory, the Anaphora, the breaking at the Agnus Dei and the reception of Holy Communion. Just as soon as Jesus broke and gave them the bread, He disappeared and their response was “Did not our hearts burn within us, as He spoke to us on the road and explain the Scripture to us”.

The burning hearts belong to the part of the Mass called the Liturgy of the Word, where we hear God speaking to us through Sacred Scripture and the Homily. If the entire episode of the Disciples fleeing Jerusalem on account of their disappointment basically traces our liturgical steps, it gives pause for us to consider that the Eucharist is where Christ journeys with us especially in our darkest moments. He fulfils the description of Emmanuel, God with us, most radically in the Eucharist.

Often we hear this repeated that “to love God and not to love one’s neighbour is a dereliction of one’s love”. The reality is that the love of one’s neighbour is not necessarily a proof that one has relationship with God. A good communist is theoretically a philanthropist meaning that he or she is a lover of humanity but a good communist does not believe in God. In that sense, the end of this Gospel passage highlights an important aspect of our encounter with the God who seeks us out.

As soon as Christ disappeared from their sight, they recognised Him at the Breaking of Bread. The result was that they could no longer contain their excitement. They had to return to Jerusalem to share the good news of the Resurrection with the other disciples. As they say, the proof is in the pudding. When Christ touches us, we become evangelisers. We bring that good news to others. Not necessarily do we need to bang people’s head with the Bible. Rather, we become the Good News in other peoples’ life.

The thing is this, without the Resurrection, then the Disciples were right in their decision. Cut their losses and leave Jerusalem, start elsewhere. On the other hand, the Resurrection grants us an ability to carry on with life and even be joyful, celebrating that Christ did rise from the dead and He is still with us for as long as we need Him to be. His enduring presence is real through the Eucharist which He has bequeathed to His Church. We dare to be joyful despite not tasting victory because the ultimate triumph is assured by the Resurrection in the Lord.

Divine Mercy Sunday Year A

Today is Divine Mercy Sunday and the readings bid us to appreciate God’s merciful love and to extend that mercy to others. The exercise of mercy in the present context usually means we should be less judgemental.

“Who am I to judge?” is a sentiment that has gathered much traction because the world has dug itself into little trenches of self-reference and self-protection. We have gone one step further than the Cartesian Cogito. “I think, therefore I am” is fundamentally “I am the centre of the universe”. As such, I must do what I can to protect that universe. This feels like a full circle. The movement from geo-centrism to helio-centrism to a narrower ego-centrism.

The imperative “Do not judge” is correct because we cannot fully know a person’s intention or motivation. However, we do not live alone without relationship to others and that means that what is available before us are the actions of a person. They form the basis for our judgements.

Instead of drawing lines here and there to determine “judging” perhaps the question “Who am I to judge?” should direct our focus to “encounter” more than to “labelling”. It invites us to meet a person rather than to classify or categorise him or her. Here, we are not talking of condoning a person’s behaviour. Rather it is an invitation to be open to the possibility of encounter and allow us to separate a person from his or her actions. That is important.

However the truth remains that we continually judge. Rather than hiding behind the impersonal “we”, better I speak from my experience. The minute I see a face; I am already assessing a person. Whether I like it or not, I am constantly making assessments and assumptions about a person. Now, here comes a person, who, in my assessment is a sandwich short of a picnic. To be fair, it is a two-way street. People passing my office window will immediately have impressions. Me too when I stare out. “Who is that?” and given the way the person dresses, I am already analysing the situation.

What shall I do? For example, the beggar whom I encounter in the food court, always with the same sob story that I can even repeat word for word. Or the parishioner who will come and the “please, my I have 5 minutes” will stretch into a good 25 minutes and despite my attempts to steer the conversation, the story will move from A to B to C. Therefore the question, “What I supposed to do?” is relevant since I am not supposed to judge. Yet the reality is, I would try my best to avoid that person at all costs.

This is who we are. We are judging all the time. The point is not if we were judgemental but rather how we can encounter each other better and what sort of compassion should we bear each other? That is where God’s mercy can be experienced and appreciated.

His mercy is reflected in the compassion we demonstrate, in the respect towardand in the sensitivity to the needs of others. Having said that, all these actions are not incompatible with judging in the sense that even though we show mercy towards others, it does not exclude the reality that some actions are incompatible with civilised and accepted human behaviour. It also means that we recognise some behaviours are beyond the pale of our religious beliefs. So, the call to be merciful does not negate the truth of what we believe in or the actions we need to take.

Mercy as action towards and on behalf of others fall within two categories—the spiritual acts of mercy or the corporal acts of mercy. In fact, the Church prescribes a list of things we should do and it might be good to re-learn how the Church looks at mercy. Feed the hungry, quench the thirsty, clothe the naked, shelter the homeless, visit the sick and imprisoned, bury the dead. These belong to the time-tested corporal acts of mercy and under Pope Francis, he also listed the care for our common home as a corporal act of mercy.

Corporal acts of mercy are easier to do or realise. What is more difficult to accomplish are the spiritual acts of mercy. Instruct the ignorant or teach them the faith, counsel the doubtful, admonish the sinner, comfort the sorrowful, bear wrongs patiently, forgive all injuries and pray for the living and the dead.

In a climate where everyone believes that he or she knows the best, instructing or teaching is not an easy task. Coupled with a belief that personal autonomy is the supreme authority for one’s behaviour, it is not easy to point out the faults of others, even lovingly. What more, to bear injustice from others and to forgive them.

Mercy is not just what we receive from God nor should we confuse it with “tolerance”. To trust God’s mercy is an invitation to savour God’s love and to repent of our sins. While God’s mercy is infinite, it also means that we seek and receive it with remorse and repentance.

The message of repentance is not always appreciated. When someone is so wrapped up by hurt, the tendency is to avoid the truth and go along with the idea of “accompaniment”. A good example is a divorcee who is in a second marriage. She had been hurt by the first marriage and now the second marriage is considered to be irregular which technically means that she is living in sin. Translated, she is barred from the reception of Holy Communion. The present practice is to turn a blind eye to the irregularity of the second marriage simply because of the fear of reigniting the hurt that comes from the first failed marriage.

There is a confusion which often mistakes passive tolerance of sinful behaviour as mercy. For mercy to be divine, it requires our active and loving intervention to heal an offender rather than accepting or even enabling the offence. It is hard work and not easy.

Finally, it is true that God’s mercy is much bigger than ours. We do not judge only because we cannot always see the bigger picture. But we can judge actions which are incompatible with our faith and the Church’s teaching. We need the courage to call them out but with charity bearing in mind that the salvation of souls remains the Church’s chief duty. Whatever the confusion in terms of what mercy is, the Church still needs to uphold that mercy is inseparable from truth. While it may be uncomfortable, we cannot coexist with wrong doing or sin. For those who betray God, mercy makes a lot of sense. Somehow they are not going to change because we yell at them or even punish them. God’s grace is what they need. For them, we pray and ask God to bless them, not so much that they will change but rather that they may experience the profound healing of God’s mercy and are moved to change in return. The goal of mercy is always directed to the salvation of the whole human person.

Easter Vigil 2026

This is a story told one time too many and I am rather shy to repeat it here. Abridged, it is about a boy named Sammy—a bit slow and dying from a disease. In his school the teacher wanted to illustrate the Resurrection and so gave each student a plastic egg-shell. Each child was told to put something into the egg-shell to symbolise the new life of the Resurrection.

One of them put in a flower representing new life. Another, a plastic butterfly symbolising a caterpillar transformation into a butterfly, another sign of new life. The teacher came to Sammy’s egg-shell. She opened it and it was empty. Not wanting to embarrass Sammy she proceeded to take another egg—shell. But Sammy shouted out… “Why are you not saying anything”? The teacher replied, “It is empty inside”. Sammy responded, “So too was Jesus’ tomb”.

He died and He rose and the only evidence we have is the empty tomb. But the empty sepulchre is not just a physical reality. For the Gospel of the 5th Sunday of Lent, we heard that Jesus raised Lazarus from the death. He bought him back to life but that revival was only an appetiser, a foretaste of what was to come. That was not the resurrection but a resuscitation.

More than a vacant tomb, the empty sepulchre is a powerful proclamation of Christ’s victory over sin and death. Death can no longer hold on to us for eternity. Instead, death now becomes a doorway, offering hope to us in a life which is often incomprehensible. For example, how is one to make sense for someone whose life is just one mishap after another? You know the kind where one bad thing happens after another. Or someone for some tragic reason, life is cut short just when one’s fortune is about to take off?

All the Readings, both old and new, and the Gospel provide a view that history, since the beginning of creation, is basically a testament to the Resurrection. Firstly, sin came into the world and the world, suffering the sting of eternal damnation, has been groaning for salvation. Christ has always been the awaited Saviour. Creation and humanity having always been longing for Him so that we may have life to the fullest.

The word “fullest” has different meanings for people. Amongst our generation, it is a promise buoyed or propped up by a material foundation. The Chinese “fuk1, luk6, sau6” (福, 祿, 壽. Cantonese pronunciation) best epitomises this materialism which reflects a preoccupation with prosperity, position and permanence (longevity). We conceive of a fuller life when we are materially or even psychologically fulfilled or contented. Even our information superhighway, now propelled by artificial intelligence, promises us a more complete or wholesome existence.

Yet, baptism numbers seem to have increased in some developed and progressive countries where there appear to be no need of religion. For example, France saw the highest number of baptism in the recent past. Why? In London, I encountered people attending mid-day Masses and people going for Confession. Why?

Perhaps fullest is ironically incomplete when it is based on a material satisfaction or even psychological gratification. Buy the “hot-off-the-press” whatever and you know what that means. The minute you possess the latest computer, phone, car, house, the item purchased is already obsolete. By September sometime this year, your cutting-edge iPhone 17 will be outmoded. And we are left craving for more which is nothing more than a pining for a permanence which is transcendent. The soul has a hunger for heaven which we have mistaken earthly realities for. The pathway to heaven can only be traversed through the Resurrection.

So Lazarus or anyone brought back to life had to die again so that they could experience the Resurrection. Christ conquered death to free us from the fear of dying and death. Death is no longer the final chapter that closes our lives in this world. The man or woman who in the eyes of the world is considered a failure now stands a chance of redemption and completion, if not temporally, then eternally. Christ by vanquishing death has made it into a pathway through which we could pass over safely. The Viaticum now makes a lot of sense. We gain spiritual strength from consuming Jesus so that we can make the necessary transition for this life to the next.

When the stock exchanges or financial markets were having it so good, materially that is, all it took was for the pandemic to uncover the false promises of economic prosperity. We were stopped in our tracks and the world woke up to the question, “Is there more?”. Right now, Iran may provide yet another chance for reflection. Iran's indiscriminate use of conventional weapons of war has put many on edge with questions. What if she truly possesses enriched uranium, enough and unafraid to to initiate a nuclear winter? The very fear of death which we encountered during the pandemic and now with Iran's nuclear capabilities, has now given courage to people to peer beyond the curtain of mortality imposed by existence to a more promising completion. Is there more that awaits after death?

That promising fulfilment is called the Resurrection. If Jesus did not rise from the dead, He can stay buried with Muhammad or Muhammad can even outrank Him. Jesus can sit with Buddha and converse on the cycle of endless reincarnations. Or Jesus can enter into the multiverse of the Hindu deities. But He rose from the dead, proving that He is the Lord of Life. Death and life are in His hands and because He holds life in His hands, we are empowered to live beyond the fear of dying. He alone can offer us a new life.

O death where is your sting and O grave, where is your victory?

The martyrs whom the world considered to have senselessly lost their lives are alive in Him because what was their annihilation was in fact their triumphant entry into the new life of Christ. Thus, every single saint who suffered in this world, or all who went to their death as if they were considered failure in this lifetime can take comfort that their death will not be the end. Tonight’s empty tomb affords us reason to live with hope because life to the fullest is promised by Risen Christ.

Good Friday 2026

“We adore You O Christ and we bless You. Because by Your Holy Cross, You have redeemed the world”.

This acclamation is familiar to those who attend the Good Friday Stations or Way of the Cross. Today we come and the starkest reminder of how important the sacrifice on Calvary is, is the fact that we do not celebrate Mass today. Every day, wherever there is a Catholic Church, and the Church is staffed by a priest/s, then the sacrifice of Christ on Calvary, the Mass, is re-enacted except for today.

There is no beauty about Him, nothing to attract us to Him. Yet, for our sake He was bruised. For our sins He was crucified. Thus today is an invitation to reflect on love and the call to repentance.

God’s benevolence is immense. The entire season of Lent is basically a display of God’s outpouring love for us. But there is a subtle movement. There is a rhythm which is not focused entirely on contrition or remorse. Rather it is a clarion call to repentance because contrition and conversion are two sides of a coin. Change is integral to repentance.

But for some reasons the world has developed some forms of addiction towards victimhood. We have been hurting for a longest time, a hurt that arises from being unloved. Mother Teresa’s description of poverty somewhat fits our generation pretty well. She said that loneliness is the most severe form of poverty and suffering. We are a generation hurting from the loneliness of being unloved. We crave for love.

Therefore it is not surprising that the last 50 years we have the greatest explosion of self-help therapy and its attendant sister, self-love and in a way the biblical story that best epitomises this need for self-esteem is the Prodigal Son. There you have in the parable, an irresponsible son and a helplessly loving father.

God is loving, ever ready to forgive. That is true. But coupled with self-help, self-esteem and self-love, the loving nature of God has become, instead of a grace toward change, is now more of an entitlement. Does it now make sense that we often miss the proper movement of Lent. It starts off with remorse because we have offended God’s majesty and it ends with a growing appreciation of God’s generous love. Appreciation of God’s love is demonstrated by our penitential behaviour. That is the meaning of repentance.

I repent of my sins for having offended you, my God. Today we witness how Christ opened up His Heart to an outpouring of love for a humanity, that blinded by a sense of entitlement, is incapable of fathoming the depth of His mercy.

If the idea of a God who is vengeful, exacting His pound of flesh as justice for offending Him is unacceptable to a modern audience, perhaps our idea of a God who is ever merciful and who overlooks all our sins is a caricature of our sick psychology. We crave love minus the hard work of tough love. As St Augustine pointed out, the God who created us without our permission, cannot save us without our permission. That means with our cooperation and our desire to work with God’s grace. There is a balance here between the God who loves and our appropriate response, between mercy and justice. You may have heard of this: mercy without justice deteriorates into indulgence whereas justice without mercy hardens into cruelty.

Our unloved age will never fully appreciate God’s mercy unless we recover a sense of sin. Christ’s sacrifice on the Cross would basically be meaningless without an appreciation of the cost of salvation. Could God have saved us without shedding a drop of blood? Definitely. But our experience have shown us that what we gain without sacrifice is often what we care least for. Any achievement without pain or dying to oneself is cheap. We all want victory but any win without a vanquish is pyrrhic or vacuous. It feels like we have won but for nothing. It may explain why lottery winners often squander away their easy gotten gains.

The objective today is not to beat ourselves but to look at Him, all bloodied up and look at ourselves. See the love that drips from His side for us. Feel in ourselves how much we long to love in return, for that is the only language that the human heart truly appreciates. Love in return for love. St Ignatius in the 1st Week of the Spiritual Exercises reflects this Lenten experience. The medications therein are centred on God’s love which despite our sinfulness and unworthiness, is unconditional. The meditations are on the sin of the angels, the sin of Adam and Eve and one’s personal sins. In all the meditation, against the backdrop of God’s unwavering love, one is moved to gratitude and repentance.The flow within the 1st Week of the Exercises is similar to the movement within the season of Lent. It begins with a recognition of my sins, remorse for them and a firm resolution to align my life to my Saviour and Lord. At the end of week, three questions are asked that reflect one’s desire to reform.

“What have I done for Christ?” is a question that is centred on my past. So, what are my past sins?

“What am I doing for Christ?” focuses on what my present disordered attachments are. Where are my energies focused on?

“What ought I to do for Christ?” is a question that invites me to change my way so as to live with greater love and more authentic service. I am invited to leave behind my disordered attachments and the useless pursuits that do not give life so that I can run after Christ. In everything, all I do is in return love for Christ’s sacrifice. I love you, my Lord and my God.